Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (TAO) - TAO Journal

Vol. 29, No. 5
October 2018

Table of Contents

Terrestrial, Atmospheric and
Oceanic Sciences (TAO)

ISSN:
1017-0839 (Print)
2311-7680 (Online)

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South China Sea Two-Island Monsoon Experiment (SCSTIMX): Observation, Simulation, and Projection

Submission deadline: 2019/03/31

Tectonic Evolution of Taiwan Orogenic Belt

Submission deadline: 2019/04/30

Recent Advances of the Electromagnetic Geophysics in East Asia

Submission deadline: 2018/12/31

Advanced Remote Sensing Technology and Development on Earth Observations

Submission deadline: 2018/12/31

Monitoring and forecasting analysis of a landslide in Xinmo, Mao County, using Sentinel-1 data
Author:
- Sentinel-1 data was collected to calculate the time series of deformation
- The time series of deformation is consistent with the accelerated creep model
- The failure time calculated by inverse-velocity is one day apart from the failure
- Author(s): Yuxin Liu, Caijun Xu, and Yang Liu
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.10.16.01
- Keywords: Maoxian InSAR Landslide Monitoring Forecast
The state of six dangerous glacial lakes in the Nepalese Himalaya
Author:
- Status of the existing six potentially dangerous glacial lakes were examined
- Imja Tsho, Barun Tsho, and Lumding Tsho show significant expansion
- High dangerous lakes should be prioritized for appropriate mitigation
- Author(s): Nitesh Khadka, Guoqing Zhang, and Wenfeng Chen
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.09.28.03
- Keywords: Potentially dangerous glacial lakes Glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs) Risk assessment Nepalese Himalaya
Lithospheric elastic thickness estimates in central Eurasia
Author:
- Two solutions to flexural differential equations are defined
- Two solutions to lithospheric elastic thickness in central Eurasia are presented
- Membrane stresses do not change significantly the spatial pattern of elastic thickness
- Author(s): Mehdi Eshagh, Martin Pitoňák, and Robert Tenzer
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.09.28.02
- Keywords: Cratons Elastic thickness Flexure Isostasy Lithosphere Orogens

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Effects of relative humidity on electrification and lightning discharges in thunderstorms
Author:
- Statistical analysis shows the lightning density is positively correlated to relative humidity
- The increase of relative humidity generally leads to a quicker and stronger convection
- The stronger relative humidity promotes more cloud to ground lightning flashes generation
- Author(s): Zheng Shi, Yongbo Tan, Yinping Liu, Jun Liu, Xiaotong Lin, Mengyi Wang, and Jian Luan
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.09.06.01
- Keywords: Relative humidity Charging rate Charge structure Lightning discharges
The influence of single model ensemble on the simulated extratropical interannual variability
Author:
- SME damps the interannual variability of extratropical winter temperature
- Cancellation between positive/negative perturbations leads to the under-simulation
- Models can’t simulate temporal fluctuation of seasonal means on year-by-year basis
- Author(s): Chia-Chi Wang, Huang-Hsiung Hsu, Yu-Luen Chen, Jun-Kai Yang, and Meng-Pai Hung
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.07.18.01
- Keywords: Single model ensemble Interannual variability Climate simulation
Assessment of the cloud liquid water from climate models and reanalysis using satellite observations
Author:
- Most GCMs exclude precipitating liquid
- Caution is needed when using CloudSat’s liquid water content (LWC) data
- CMIP5 LWC simulations show little or no improvement relative to CMIP3
- Author(s): Jui-lin F. Li, Seungwon Lee, Hsi-Yen Ma, G. Stephens, and Bin Guan
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.07.04.01
- Keywords: GCM LWC CloudSat CMIP5

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Attribution of the growth of a distinct population of Synechococcus to the coverage of lateral water on an upwelling
Author:
- Quantities of various prokaryotic picoplankton in the upwelling were described
- Genetic phylogeny of prokaryotic picoplankton in the upwelling was reported
- Exchange of oligotrophic water and upwelling water promoted Synechococcus to grow
- Author(s): Chih-Ching Chung and Gwo-Ching Gong
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.09.26.01
- Keywords: Upwelling Kuroshio Current 16S rDNA phylogeny Prokaryotic picoplankton Synechococcus
Measurements of diffusion coefficient of methane in water/brine under high pressure
Author:
- Raman spectroscopy is applied to measure diffusion coefficient of methane
- Diffusion coefficient of methane in brine under high pressure is measured
- MD simulation is performed to calculate the diffusion coefficient of methane
- Author(s): Yen-An Chen, Che-Kang Chu, Yan-Ping Chen, Lee-Shin Chu, Shiang-Tai Lin, and Li-Jen Chen
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.02.23.02
- Keywords: Diffusion coefficient Methane Brine Molecular dynamics simulation
- Citation: Chen, Y.-A., C.-K. Chu, Y.-P. Chen, L.-S. Chu, S.-T. Lin, and L.-J. Chen, 2018: Measurements of diffusion coefficient of methane in water/brine under high pressure. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 29, 577-587, doi: 10.3319/TAO.2018.02.23.02
Seasonal variations in virioplankton and picoplankton in semi-enclosed and open coastal waters
Author:
- We analyze flow cytometry (FCM) data to clearly distinguish two groups of viruses
- VLP1 was most dominant in the viral community
- Hydrographic conditions might influence the relationship between VLP1 and bacteria
- Author(s): An-Yi Tsai, Gwo-Ching Gong, and Hongbin Liu
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.01.31.01
- Keywords: Viruses Heterotrophic bacteria Synechococcus spp. Picoeukaryotes Turbidity
- Citation: Tsai, A.-Y., G.-C. Gong, and H. Liu, 2018: Seasonal variations in virioplankton and picoplankton in semi-enclosed and open coastal waters. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 29, 465-472, doi: 10.3319/TAO.2018.01.31.01

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The Holocene paleo-environmental history of the Gangkou River estuary, Hengchun Peninsula, Taiwan
Author:
- Combined geomorphological, stratigraphical, and geochronological approach
- Paleo-environmental data reveal eustatic sea level as primary forcing factor
- Uplift rates for last ~4.5 ka significantly lower than in previous studies
- Author(s): Christopher Lüthgens, Lih-Der Ho, Nikolaus Clemenz, Jia-Hong Chen, Chia-Hong Jen, Jiun-Yee Yen, and Shyh-Jeng Chyi
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.05.07.01
- Keywords: Taiwan Hengchun Peninsula Quartz and feldspar OSL dating pIRIR150 Double SAR Paleo environmental reconstruction Geochronology Eustatic sea level Uplift rate
- Citation: Lüthgens, C., L.-D. Ho, N. Clemenz, J.-H. Chen, C.-H. Jen, J.-Y. Yen, and S.-J. Chyi, 2018: The Holocene paleo-environmental history of the Gangkou River estuary, Hengchun Peninsula, Taiwan. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 29, 547-576, doi: 10.3319/TAO.2018.05.07.01
Monitoring the risk of large building collapse using persistent scatterer interferometry and GIS
Author:
- Persistent Scatterer-based Analysis of Displacement in Downtowns
- GIS-based Analysis of the Displacement Rates of each Large Buildings
- Precise Analysis of the Displacement Rates of each Large Buildings
- Author(s): Sang-Wan Kim, Jung-Hyun Choi, Sang-Hoon Hong, Ju-Hyung Lee, Jinwoo Cho, and Moung-Jin Lee
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.03.07.01
- Keywords: Persistent Scatterer TerraSAR X Displacement of large buildings GIS
- Citation: Kim, S.-W., J.-H. Choi, S.-H. Hong, J.-H. Lee, J. Cho, and M.-J. Lee, 2018: Monitoring the risk of large building collapse using persistent scatterer interferometry and GIS. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 29, 535-545, doi: 10.3319/TAO.2018.03.07.01
Hf isotopes from Palawan Continental Terrane, Philippines-clues to the evolution of sediment sources
Author:
- Zircons from the Central Philippines are studied for their Hf isotope compositions
- These detrital zircons usually have higher εHf(T) than those from the SE China
- These were probably derived from sources having higher input from mantle
- Author(s): Monika Walia and Ulrich Knittel
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.02.23.01
- Keywords: Central Philippines Hf isotope composition Detrital zircon SE China
- Citation: Walia, M. and U. Knittel, 2018: Hf isotopes from Palawan Continental Terrane, Philippines-clues to the evolution of sediment sources. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 29, 523-534, doi: 10.3319/TAO.2018.02.23.01

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Comparison of change detection methods based on the spatial chaotic model for synthetic aperture radar imagery
Author:
- The fractal method can easily distinguish buildings from SAR images
- The improved fractal method has good performance when identifying grass
- The SVM method better recognizes grass and buildings than the CFAR method
- Author(s): Chih-Hsuan Huang, Hsuan Ren, and Yu-Chang Tzeng
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.10.16.02
- Keywords: Fractal dimension Change detection Spatial chaotic model SVM DBC SAR
GNSS radio occultation profiles in the neutral atmosphere from inversion of excess phase data
Author:
- Inversion of radio occultation excess phase to geophysical profiles is implemented
- Retrieval uncertainties show very good agreement with official RO products
- A comparison with collocated radiosondes provides estimates of accuracy
- Author(s): Paweł Hordyniec, Cheng-Yung Huang, Chian-Yi Liu, Witold Rohm, and Shu-Ya Chen
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.10.12.01
- Keywords: Excess phase GNSS Occultation Radiosonde Refractivity Troposphere
Cloud component removal for shallow water depth retrieval with multi-spectral satellite imagery
Author:
- Linear unmixing is useful for cloud component removal in depth estimation
- Overall performance of BP neural network is better than the semi-analytical model
- Semi-analytical model has less probability in producing large errors than the BP
- Author(s): Po-Yao Tsou, Peter Tian-Yuan Shih, and Tee-Ann Teo
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.09.10.01
- Keywords: Linear spectral un mixing Optical properties Bathymetry

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Uncertainty evaluation of SWAT model for snowmelt runoff in a Himalayan watershed
Author:
- SWAT model was applied to the high altitude Himalayan watershed (2001-2009)
- Model results improved significantly when elevation bands are considered
- The SUFI-2 algorithm was used to quantify the associated uncertainty
- Author(s): Tanveer Abbas, Fiaz Hussain, Ghulam Nabi, Muhammad Waseem Boota, and Ray -Shyan Wu
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.10.08.01
- Keywords: SWAT Snowmelt Uncertainty SUFI 2 Elevation Bands
Estimation of water use efficiency in the terrestrial ecosystems of the Yangtze River Delta region, China
Author:
- For EBF, DNF and DBF, the water use efficiency decreased
- The maximum value of WUE occurred in the southern and northwestern parts
- GPP increased with LAI, while ET did not increase linearly with LAI
- Author(s): Fan Wang, Hong Jiang, Min Cheng, Linjing Zhang, Jian Liu, and Kunyong Yu
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.09.07.01
- Keywords: Gross primary productivity (GPP) Evapotranspiration (ET) water use efficiency (WUE) vegetation photosynthesis model (VPM) revised remote sensing Penman Monteith (RRS PM) model leaf area index (LAI)
Probabilistic characteristics of lag time between meteorological and hydrological droughts using a Bayesian model
Author:
- Estimate lag time between hydrological and meteorological droughts using SPI and SPEI
- Find probabilistic relationship of lag time with meteorological drought intensity
- Probability of lag time is higher at lower intensity and varies with index type
- Author(s): Muhammad Nouman Sattar and Tae-Woong Kim
- DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2018.07.01.01
- Keywords: Bayesian network Drought index Drought intensity Lag time

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